M. Xu, S. Nagataki, Y. -F. Huang, S. -H. Lee
We show that the photospheres of "failed" Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), whose bulk
Lorentz factors are much lower than 100, can be outside of internal shocks. The
resulting radiation from the photospheres is thermal and bright in UV/Soft
X-ray band. The photospheric emission lasts for about one thousand seconds with
luminosity about several times 10^46 erg/s. These events can be observed by
current and future satellites. It is also shown that the afterglows of failed
GRBs are peculiar at the early stage, which makes it possible to distinguish
failed GRBs from ordinary GRBs and beaming-induced orphan afterglows.
View original:
http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.7084
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